Hydraulic press.



PATENTED MAR. 7, 1905.

(I. T. SCHAFFER.

HYDRAULIC PRESS. APPLICATION FILED JULY 19, 1903. RENEWED SEPT. 13. 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

A Q 3 3 0 MU Q PATENTED MAR. 7, 1905.

J. T. SCHAFPER.

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 18, 1903. RENEWED SBPT.13. 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

JOHN T. SOI -IAFFER, OF ROCHESTER, NIH V YORK, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE Patented March '7, 1905.

ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE SOHAFFER PRESS OOh lPANY, Oi hOOIllCSllGlt, NEl V YORK, A CORPORATION OF NIQlV YORK.

HYDRAULIC PRESS- SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 784,183, dated March '7, 1905.

Aapplieation filed July 18, 1903. Renewed September 13,1904. Serial No. 224,322.

1'0 (n/J/ who 1/ 1 may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN T. Sonarrua, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rochester, in the county 0] lVIonroe-and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Presses; and 1 do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to presses, and in particular to the kind of presses driven by hydraulic power for separating liquids from solids.

My invention is of general application. It may be used in laundries, for extracting oil or making any kind of extracts, as a cider or wine press, and generally for separating liquids from solids.

The object of my invention is to provide a press driven by hydraulic power which will automatically adjust itself in relation to the work to be performed and which will afford a free exit in every direction for the liquid extracted by the press.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved press, showing the movable part in two positions in full lines and showing the normally stationary part in two positions, one in dotted lines. F 2 is a plan view of the outside express ing-cylinder, basket, or suitable receiver. Fig. 3 is a vertical central section, on an enlarged scale, of the press proper; and Fig. 4 is a top plan View of the movable perforated plates.

:4 represents a suitable support, to which are bolted the supporting-pillars Z) I), which support the press proper. Near their upper ends these pillars are connected by a crossframe 0, the parts a, I), and 0 making a firm rigid structure.

The pulleys, shaft, driving-eccentric, pump, and controlling means are of the usual type and will not be specifically described.

Mounted on the support a is the hydraulic cylinder (Z of the usual type, in which works the piston or plunger a, driven and controlled by hydraulic or any suitable power in the usual manner.

Secured to one of the pillars is a stopf, which limits the dowl'iward movement ol the movable part of the press. A similar stop may be used on the other pillar, if desired.

The movable part, against which the hydraulic piston or plunger impinges, is provided with a ring which encircles one of the pillars I), and the other end is provided with a cut away portion /1/, adapted to lit against the other pillar. These parts, however, are omitted from Fig. 3. The outer portion of the movable part of the press in which the material to be operated upon is placed is a cylinder, basket, or suitable receiver vi. 1 have shown this as composed of upright stavcs held together by the semicircular rings 7' and securing-btdts Z'. l'Vhile l have shown this basket, however, composed of upright staves which do not closely lit together, thereby afl'ording passages for the expressed liquid, and which basket is usually made of wood, 1 do not limit myself to this construction, as it is obvious that this basket or cylinder might be made oi metal and that perforations could be used instead of vertical slots. This basket or cylinder rests upon the base or plate I, which is provided with a round ed bottom m with 1 )er'lorations n. and with liquid-passages o. The central part of the base I is recessed to receive the lower end of a hollow cylinder 7.), provided with perforations (1. This cylinder is preferably made of flexible material, such as rubber or thin metal, for a purpose which will be explained hereinafter; but I do not limit m ysel'l? in this respect, as it may be made of any suitable material. The cylinder 7 is located parallel to the outer basket or cylinder and atlords a means of escape for the liquid into the interior thereof, while the outer basket or cylinder al'lords an outward escape for the liquid expressed, and the [)GITOIZltlODS /1 and passages o afford a downward escape for said liquid.

The base I is su 'iported just above the sup port 1, against which the lrvdraulic or other suitable piston impinges and upon which piston it rests. The support 9' is provided with a passage 8 for the escape of the expressed liquid, which is delivered outwardly through the pipe L. The top part of thesupport 9* is concaved, as shown at u, the curve corresponding to the conveXed portion of the bottom 0f the plate Z. Antifriction-balls c are located in a raceway in the top of the support 1*, so that the plate Z may freely move thereon from side to side. These antifriction devices, however, are not strictly necessary, as owing to the fact that the low er part of the plate Z is convexed and the upper part of the support '2' is correspondingly concaved the plate Z, carrying the two perforated cylinders, is allowed to move freely from side to side between the pillars b.

represents a rubber ring around the edge of the plate Z, so that if the outer cylinder and plate Z should be displaced from the position shown in Fig. 3 the sharp corners of the plate I, which is preferably made of metal, will not cut into the bottoms of the staves. If desired, a rubber ring can be used between the plate Z and the lower edge of the cylinder 71 for the same purpose, being fastened to either the cylinder or the plate; but this is not strictly necessary.

Above the basket is located the plungertop or piston 12. This is supported on a heavy cross-piece or casting y, one end of which, .2, is sleeved around one of the pillars t. \Vhile the press is in operation this piston m is stationary; but it can be swung aside or pushed outward or backward, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, to allow the basket to be packed or unpacked with the material which it is desired to press. cut away to fit around the other pillar Z). Stops 2 and 3 are fastened to the pillars I) to prevent said piston from falling. Washers 4 and 5 are located between the casting 3 and the crossframe 0.

The piston is of the peculiar shape shown in Fig. 3. It consists of the large outer cylinder 6 and the inner smaller cylinder 7. The cylinder 6 joins the cylinder 7 at 8; but, if desired, the sides of the outer cylinder could be continued up to the casting 3/ instead of the form shown in Fig. 3; but the latter is generally preferable in order to save weight. The circular space between the cylinders 6 and 7 is closed by two perforated plates, a screen, and a perforated washer, as shown in Fig. 3. The upper perforated plate 9 is movable and is provided with perforations 10, a circular channel 11, and an outlet 12, said channel being deepest near the outlet 12 and shallowest at the point opposite'said outlet. The cylinder 6 is provided with a vertical key-valve near this outlet. This valve consists of the stationary part 13, provided with a perforation, a screwthreaded movable part 14, also provided with a perforation, and with a recessed portion 15 for the introduction of the key. This form of valve is used because it is necessary that in the basket The end 1 of the casting y is both the outside and inside of the cylinder 6 should be free from projections.

Beneath the movable plate 9 is the stationary plate 16, which is fastened to the cylinders 6 and 7 and is considerably thicker than the plate 9. The plate 16 is provided with perforations 17, which, however, are not located directly underneath the perforations 10 in the plate 9. A thin compressible circular washer 18, preferably made of rubber, is used between the plates. The plate 16 is slightly concaved on its lower side. Beneath the plate 16 is a screen 19, and beneath the screen 19 is a thick washer 20, closing the space between the cylinders 6 and 7. This washer is preferably made of thick rubber or other suitable material and is provided with perforations made from below upward. This washer, being made of thick rubber, will yield to the upward pressure and allow the liquid to flow out through the perforations; but after the pressing operation is over and it is desired to empty the basket '1; the perforations in this washer will automatically close and prevent the liquid from leaking back into the material The screen 19 prevents the washer 20 from being forced upward and closing the passages 17 in the plate 16. The washer 20 is held in position by a circular ring 21, of metal, which is fastened by pins 22 to the plate 16, these pins passing through the screen 19, the washer 20, and the ring 21, holding them firmly together.

On the top of the cylinder 6 are fastened bearings 23 and 2 1, in which works a rod 25, provided with a hand-wheel 26. On this rod 25 are mounted two eccentrics 27 and 28, which eccentrics carry rods 29 and 30, which at their lower ends are attached to the plate 9. By turning the hand-wheel 26 after. the pressing operation is finished the plate 9 is forced down close to the plate 16, thereby practically closing the perforations in both of the plates and preventing the liquid from leaking back through them. The rods 29 and 30 are held down by the movement of the hand-wheel 26 by means of slots in the eccentrics 27 and 28; but, if desired, other means of holding them down, such as a ratchet and pawl, may be employed.

The lower end of the cylinder 7 is rounded off, as shown at 31. This is for the purpose of allowing the cylinder p to enter into the cylinder 7, even if, owing to the sidewise movement of said cylinder, due to uneven packing of the cylinder 2', said cylinders 23 and 1) should be moved sidewise during the pressing operation.

While I have thus described my invention, I wish it to be distinctly understood that I do not limit myself to the exact details shown and described, as these might be varied greatly without departing from the spirit of my invention. For instance, the basket, the inner cylinder therein, and the normally stationary IIO piston are all described as cylindrical; but it is obvious that they might be made of any desired shape.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In a press, the combination of a device, consisting of a stationary part,a movable part, supporting means for said movable part, said movable part being loosely mounted upon said means, whereby said movable part will automatically adjust itself in case the material is unevenly distributed in said device, and means for exerting pressure upon said device, substantially as described.

2. In a press, the combination of a plunger and a cyli1'1der,one of said parts being movable with relation to the other,and the other of said parts being normally stationary, and pivoted means supporting said parts so arranged that said normally stationary part and said movable part may be separately or conjointly swung around so that access to the interior may be readily obtained, substantially as described.

in a press, a normally stationary piston, said piston being composed of a large cylinder open at one end, a smaller centrally-located cylinder and perforated deviceslocated in the space between said cylinders, substantially as described.

4.. In a press, a movable part com posed of an outer perforated cylinder, a smaller inner perforated cylinder, and a supporting-plate provided with a rounded bottom, said supporting-plate being provided with perforations, substantially as described.

5. In a press, the combination ofa movable part, having a rounded bottom, a support therefor, having a concave top, and antifriction devices between said parts, substantially as de scribed.

6. In a press, a movable p art,composed of a perforated bottom,an outer perforated basket, and an inner perforated cylinder, said inner cylinder being made of flexible material, sub:

stantially as described.

7. In a press, a movable part, comprising a perforated support, a perforated bottom, an outer perforated cylinder, and a smaller inner perforated cylinder, said inner cylinder being made of flexible material, substantially as described.

8. In a press,the combination of a normally stationary piston composed of two concentric cylinders, and a plurality of perforated plates between said cylinders, substantially as described.

9. .l n a press, the combination of a normally stationary piston, composed of two concentric cylinders, and a plurality of perforated plates between said cylinders,said plates being so arranged that the perforations therein will not register with each other, and means for movingsaid plates toward each other,substantially as described.

10. In a press,the combination of a normally stationary piston, composed of two concentric cylinders, a plurality of perforated plates between said cylinders, and a perforated flexible washer also located between said cylinders, substantially as described.

11. In a press, the combination of a normally stationary piston, composed of two concentric cylinders, a plurality of perforated plates between said cylinders, and a screen and flexible washer also located between said cylinders, substantially as described.

12. In a press,the combination of a normally statiol'iary piston, composed of two concentric cylinders, a plurality of perforated plates between said cylinders, one of said plates being fixed and another movable, a screen and a perforated washer, said screen and washer being also located between said cylinders, substan tial] y as described.

13. In a press,the combination of a normally stationary piston, composed of two concentric cylinders, a perforated plate fixed to said cylinders and located between them, a movable perforated plate located above said lixed perforated plate, a screen below said fixed plate, a perforated washer below said screen, and means for fastei'iing said Washer and screen to said lixed plate, substantially as described.

14. In a press, a normally stationary piston, composed of two concentric cylinders, and a support therefor, all cast in asingle piece, the open end of the inner cylinder being rounded off, substantially as described.

15. In a press, a piston therefor, composed of two concentric cylinders, and a support therefor, all cast in a single piece, the inner cylinder being rounded off at its lower end, and-the support being provided with a bearing and a cut-away portion, substantially as described.

16. In a press, the combination of a normally stationary piston, composed of two concentric cylinders, and a support therefor, all cast in a single piece, a plurality of perforated devices located between the open ends of said cylinders, and a l ey-valve located in the wall of one of said cylinders, substantially as described.

17. In a press, the combination of a normally stationary piston, composed of two concentric cylinders, one end of each of which is open, a plurality of perforated plates located in proximity to the open ends of said cylinders, one of said plates being lixed and the other movable, a flexible washer separating said plates, and means for moving said movable plate into contact with said fixed. plate, said plates being so arranged that the perforations in one plate will not register with the perforations in the other plate, substantially as described.

18. In a press, the combination of a movable part, composed of inner and outer perforated cylinders, and a perforated bottom, and a stationary part composed of inner and outer perforated cylinders open at one end, and perforated devices between the open ends of said last-named cylinders, substantially as described.

19. In a press, the combination of a movable part, including a perforated bottom, inner and outer perforated cylinders, and means for exerting pressure upon said movable part, of a normally stationary piston composed of inner and outer open-ended cylinders, and a plurality of perforated plates located between said last-named cylinders, substantially as described.

20. In a press, a movable part, including a perforated plate having a rounded perforated bottom, inner and outer perforated cylinders resting on said platc, a concave support for said bottom, and means for exerting pressure on said support, substantially as described.

21. In a press, the combination of a movable part, consisting of a plate provided with perforations and drainage-passages, inner and outer perforated cylinders supported on said plate, said plate having a rounded bottom, a concave support for said plate, antifriction devices between said support and said plate, means for exerting pressure on said support, with a normally stationary piston, composed of a support and inner and outer cylinders cast integrally therewith, one end of each of said cylinders being open, a stationary perforated plate between said last-named cylinders, a movable perforated plate above said stationary plate, means for moving said movable plate, a screen located underneath said fixed plate, a perforated washer beneath said screen, and means for fastening said screen and said washer to said plate, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN T. SGl-IAFFER.

\Vitnesses:

J. B. M. STEPHENS, A. J. MAs'rERs. 

